Since no projection can depict the Earth’s surface without distortion, you may use completely different projections and projection types, depending on your task or the location on Earth of the respective points.Ī geodetic Coordinate System Zone, therefore, consists of the components:Ī coordinate system is a three-dimensional reference frame that locates objects in space. (The flat surface may be a plane, or the surface of a cylinder or cone, which then can be unwound mathematically.) The map projection is a pure mathematical process. Displaying a point in space on a two-dimensional mapįor drawing a point on a map, you have to define how the point is to be projected onto a flat surface. The geoid describes an equipotential surface of the Earth’s gravity potential at sea-level. Datum, therefore, usually means a national datum system. Typically, a datum will fit a specific country very well, but perhaps not the adjacent country. The datum transformation orientates the ellipsoid relative to a fixed frame. The ellipsoid is a simple mathematical form that roughly models the size and shape of the Earth. Several steps are necessary for describing a point in space, since the Earth has not a uniform shape. Coordinates and coordinate systems General introduction and definitions Describing a point on the real-world Earth as a point on the Earth model
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